Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO2 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries

能源化学(英文) ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 78-86.

Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries

Fengliu Lou^a, Haitao Zhou^b, Fride Vullum-Bruer^b, Trung Dung Tran^c, De Chen^a*

a. Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; b. Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; c. Department of Physics, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway

收稿日期:2012-10-30 修回日期:2013-01-10 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-02-06
通讯作者: De Chen

Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries

Fengliu Lou^a, Haitao Zhou^b, Fride Vullum-Bruer^b, Trung Dung Tran^c, De Chen^a*

a. Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; b. Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; c. Department of Physics, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway

Received:2012-10-30 Revised:2013-01-10 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-02-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： A 3D structured composite of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ on copper foil is reported here as a binder free anode of lithium ion batteries, with high capacity, fast charge/discharge rate and good stability. Carbon nanofiber yarns were synthesized directly over copper foil through a floating catalyst method. The growth of carbon nanofiber yarns was significantly enhanced by mechanical polishing of the copper foils, which can be attributed to the increased surface roughness and surface area of the copper foils. MnO₂ was then grown over carbon nanofibers through spontaneous reduction of potassium permanganate by the carbon nanofibers. The obtained composites of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ over copper foil were tested as an anode in lithium ion batteries and they show superior electrochemical performance. The initial reversible capacity of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ reaches up to around 998 mAh·g^-¹ at a rate of 60 mmA·g^-¹ based on the mass of carbon nanofibers and MnO₂. The carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ electrodes could deliver a capacity of 630 mAh·g^-¹ at the beginning and maintain a capacity of 440 mmAh·g^-¹ after 105 cycles at a rate of 600 mA·g^-¹. The high initial capacity can be attributed to the presence of porous carbon nanofiber yarns which have good electrical conductivity and the MnO₂ thin film which makes the entire materials electrochemically active. The high cyclic stability of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ can be ascribed to the MnO₂ thin film which can accommodate the volume expansion and shrinking during charge and discharge and the good contact of carbon nanofibers with MnO₂ and copper foil.

关键词: carbon nanofiber yarns, MnO2, binder free anode, lithium ion battery

Abstract: A 3D structured composite of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ on copper foil is reported here as a binder free anode of lithium ion batteries, with high capacity, fast charge/discharge rate and good stability. Carbon nanofiber yarns were synthesized directly over copper foil through a floating catalyst method. The growth of carbon nanofiber yarns was significantly enhanced by mechanical polishing of the copper foils, which can be attributed to the increased surface roughness and surface area of the copper foils. MnO₂ was then grown over carbon nanofibers through spontaneous reduction of potassium permanganate by the carbon nanofibers. The obtained composites of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ over copper foil were tested as an anode in lithium ion batteries and they show superior electrochemical performance. The initial reversible capacity of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ reaches up to around 998 mAh·g^-¹ at a rate of 60 mmA·g^-¹ based on the mass of carbon nanofibers and MnO₂. The carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ electrodes could deliver a capacity of 630 mAh·g^-¹ at the beginning and maintain a capacity of 440 mmAh·g^-¹ after 105 cycles at a rate of 600 mA·g^-¹. The high initial capacity can be attributed to the presence of porous carbon nanofiber yarns which have good electrical conductivity and the MnO₂ thin film which makes the entire materials electrochemically active. The high cyclic stability of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ can be ascribed to the MnO₂ thin film which can accommodate the volume expansion and shrinking during charge and discharge and the good contact of carbon nanofibers with MnO₂ and copper foil.

Key words: carbon nanofiber yarns, MnO2, binder free anode, lithium ion battery

Fengliu Lou, Haitao Zhou, Fride Vullum-Bruer, Trung Dung Tran, De Chen*. Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries[J]. 能源化学(英文), 2013, 22(1): 78-86.

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Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries

Synthesis of carbon nanofibers@MnO₂ 3D structures over copper foil as binder free anodes for lithium ion batteries

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