Electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

能源化学(英文) ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 202-213.

Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

Chiara Genovese, Claudio Ampelli, Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi

Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Chimica e Ingegneria Industriale and INSTM/CASPE, University of Messina V. le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy

收稿日期:2012-12-26 修回日期:2013-02-22 出版日期:2013-03-20 发布日期:2013-04-04
通讯作者: Claudio Ampelli
作者简介:Chiara Genovese received her PhD in Material Chemistry and Engineering from the University of Messina (Italy) in 2008. In 2009 she was awarded the Young Researcher Prize for her contribution in scientific research in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. She is currently Research Associate at the University of Messina (Italy) and her research interests are mainly focused on environmental catalysis for energy applications.
基金资助:
This work was supported by the Toyota Motor Europe.

Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

Chiara Genovese, Claudio Ampelli, Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi

Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Chimica e Ingegneria Industriale and INSTM/CASPE, University of Messina V. le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy

Received:2012-12-26 Revised:2013-02-22 Online:2013-03-20 Published:2013-04-04
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Toyota Motor Europe.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Recent advances on the use of nanocarbon-based electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of gaseous streams of CO₂ to liquid fuels are discussed in this perspective paper. A novel gas-phase electrocatalytic cell, different from the typical electrochemical systems working in liquid phase, was developed. There are several advantages to work in gas phase, e.g. no need to recover the products from a liquid phase and no problems of CO₂ solubility, etc. Operating under these conditions and using electrodes based on metal nanoparticles supported over carbon nanotube (CNT) type materials, long C-chain products (in particular isopropanol under optimized conditions, but also hydrocarbons up to C8-C9) were obtained from the reduction of CO₂. Pt-CNT are more stable and give in some cases a higher productivity, but Fe-CNT, particular using N-doped carbon nanotubes, give excellent properties and are preferable to noble-metal-based electrocatalysts for the lower cost. The control of the localization of metal particles at the inner or outer surface of CNT is an importact factor for the product distribution. The nature of the nanocarbon substrate also plays a relevant role in enhancing the productivity and tuning the selectivity towards long C-chain products. The electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ are part of a photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) solar cell concept, aimed to develop knowledge for the new generation artificial leaf-type solar cells which can use sunlight and water to convert CO₂ to fuels and chemicals. The CO₂ reduction to liquid fuels by solar energy is a good attempt to introduce renewables into the existing energy and chemical infrastructures, having a higher energy density and easier transport/storage than other competing solutions (i.e. H₂).

关键词: CO₂ conversion, solar fuels, CNT, Fe nanoparticles, nanocarbon, H₂ production

Abstract: Recent advances on the use of nanocarbon-based electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of gaseous streams of CO₂ to liquid fuels are discussed in this perspective paper. A novel gas-phase electrocatalytic cell, different from the typical electrochemical systems working in liquid phase, was developed. There are several advantages to work in gas phase, e.g. no need to recover the products from a liquid phase and no problems of CO₂ solubility, etc. Operating under these conditions and using electrodes based on metal nanoparticles supported over carbon nanotube (CNT) type materials, long C-chain products (in particular isopropanol under optimized conditions, but also hydrocarbons up to C8-C9) were obtained from the reduction of CO₂. Pt-CNT are more stable and give in some cases a higher productivity, but Fe-CNT, particular using N-doped carbon nanotubes, give excellent properties and are preferable to noble-metal-based electrocatalysts for the lower cost. The control of the localization of metal particles at the inner or outer surface of CNT is an importact factor for the product distribution. The nature of the nanocarbon substrate also plays a relevant role in enhancing the productivity and tuning the selectivity towards long C-chain products. The electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ are part of a photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) solar cell concept, aimed to develop knowledge for the new generation artificial leaf-type solar cells which can use sunlight and water to convert CO₂ to fuels and chemicals. The CO₂ reduction to liquid fuels by solar energy is a good attempt to introduce renewables into the existing energy and chemical infrastructures, having a higher energy density and easier transport/storage than other competing solutions (i.e. H₂).

Key words: CO₂ conversion, solar fuels, CNT, Fe nanoparticles, nanocarbon, H₂ production

Chiara Genovese, Claudio Ampelli, Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi. Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes[J]. 能源化学(英文), 2013, 22(2): 202-213.

Chiara Genovese, Claudio Ampelli, Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi. Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2013, 22(2): 202-213.

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Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

Electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

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