Heteroatom dopant strategy triggered high-potential plateau to non- graphitized carbon with highly disordered microstructure for high- performance sodium ion storage

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2022.12.025

Abstract

Abstract: Non-graphitized carbon (NGC) has been extensively utilized as carbonaceous anode in sodium-ion bat-teries (SIBs). However, more optimization to achieve competitive capacity and stability is still challenging for SIBs. In the study, the dopant strategy is utilized to construct nitrogen/sulfur-doped non-graphitized carbon (N-NGC or S-NGC) shell decorated on three-dimensional graphene foam (GF) as a self-support electrode. The highly disordered microstructures of heteroatom doped carbons are produced by applying a low-temperature pyrolysis treatment to precursors containing nitrogen and sulfur. The DFT calculations of Na-ion adsorption energies at diverse heteroatom sites show marginal-S, pyrrolic N and pyridinic N with more intensive Na-ion adsorption ability than middle-S, C@O and pristine carbon. The N-NGC with dominant small graphitic regions delivers adsorption ability to Na-ion, while the S-NGC with significant single carbon lattice stripes demonstrates redox reaction with Na-ion. Evidently, in comparison with only adsorption-driven slope regions at high potential for N-NGC, the redox reaction-generated potential-plateau enables non-graphitized S-NGC superior discharge/charge capacity and cycle-stability in the slope region. This work could provide deep insight into the rational design of non-graphitized carbon with rich microstructure and composition.

Key words: Non-graphitized carbon, Highly disordered microstructure, Heteroatom dopant, Adsorption, Redox reaction

Peilin Zhang, Chen Huang, Mingzhen Xiu, Siyu Zhu, Weiwei Wang, Bo Zhu, Likang Qin, Yizhong Huang, Luyang Chen. Heteroatom dopant strategy triggered high-potential plateau to non- graphitized carbon with highly disordered microstructure for high- performance sodium ion storage[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2023, 79(4): 192-200.

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URL: https://www.jenergychem.com/EN/10.1016/j.jechem.2022.12.025

https://www.jenergychem.com/EN/Y2023/V79/I4/192

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