Phase-separated bimetal enhanced sodium storage: Dimer-like Sn-Bi@C heterostructures with high capacity and long cycle life

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2022.12.059

Abstract

Abstract: Phase boundaries facilitate the charge transportation and alleviate the intrinsic stress upon cycles. Therefore, how to achieve regular phase boundaries is very attractive. Herein, dimer-like Sn-Bi@C nanos-tructures, where is a well-defined phase boundary between Sn and Bi, have been prepared by a two-step process for the first time. The phase boundary not only provides additional and fast transportation for Na⁺, but also mitigates the structure stress/strain upon cycling. Therefore, Sn-Bi@C exhibits a high capac-ity (472.1 mA h g^-1 at 2 A g^-1 for 200 cycles), an ultra-long cyclic life (355.6 mA h g^-1 at 5 A g^-1 for 4500 cycles) and an excellent rate performance (372 mA h g^-1 at 10 A g^-1) for sodium storage, much higher than those of Sn@C, Bi@C, and Sn@C + Bi@C. Notably, the full cells of Sn-Bi@C//Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃/rGO (Sn-Bi@C//NVP/rGO) demonstrate impressive performance (323 mA h g^-1 at 2 A g^-1 for 300 cycles). The underlying mechanism for such an excellent performance is elucidated by in-situ X-ray diffraction, ex-situ scanning electron microscopy /high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, revealing the good electrode stability and improved mechanical properties of Sn-Bi@C. The synthetic method is extended to dimer-like Sn-Pb@C and Sn-Ag@C heterostructures, which also exhi-bit the good cycle stability for sodium storage.

Key words: Bi, Sn, Alloy-type anodes, Sodium-ion batteries, Phase boundaries

Xiaoxiao Hou, Yansong Zhu, Qian Yao, Jinmei Song, Chunsheng Wang, Yanli Zhou, Suyuan Zeng, Jian Yang, Yitai Qian. Phase-separated bimetal enhanced sodium storage: Dimer-like Sn-Bi@C heterostructures with high capacity and long cycle life[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2023, 79(4): 468-476.

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URL: https://www.jenergychem.com/EN/10.1016/j.jechem.2022.12.059

https://www.jenergychem.com/EN/Y2023/V79/I4/468

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